Aida Waiqui , in the article , Scaffolding Instruction for English Language Learners : A Conceptual Framework , proposed ways by which scaffolding can help English language learners (ELLs ) develop disciplinary knowledge and engage in challenging academic activities if teachers know how to support them (p . 159 . Waiqui enumerated four contexts by which teachers could guarantee scaffolding : expert-novice collective scaffolding , assistance to a lower-level learner , and working alone . Furthermore , to realize these contexts , Waiqui discussed the types of instructional scaffolding teachers can use to help ELLs perform better . These include modeling , bridging , contextualizing schema-building , representing text , and developing metacognition (pp 170-177

 

Teaching the ESL Student

The English language is a difficult one to master , even for the native speaker . Its many rules and exceptions comprise a language that , in conversation and in writing , can be complex . To the student for whom English is a second language - also known as ESL students - speaking reading and compositional writing in the American academic setting can be extremely daunting . Learning English , like any skill , improves with practice . For the ESL student , English mastery is an achievable goal even though the learning process may be fraught with frustration

br Therefore , it incumbent upon the instructor to approach students with patience and clarity . Likewise , it is necessary to select reading and learning materials that are designed to facilitate a greater understanding of sentence structure , vocabulary and diction . Therefore the greater the emphasis on reading and writing as supplementary to one another , the more probable that an ESL student will become an adequate writer

Roald Dahl : the Author
Roald Dahl is a British writer , who is famous for his clever short stories and macabre children 's books . Some of his famous works are James and the Giant Peach (1961 , The Witches - 1973 , The Gremlins - 1943 , Charlie and the Chocolate Factory , Matilda , and others
His style of writing and different approach to children 's ' stories makes him loved by young readers . But Dahl 's taste for meanness and rudeness to adults , and the comic bizarre captivated young readers . Adult critics were disappointed with his kind of

writing . Some of his writings or books are made into a movie such as Matilda and Charlie and the Chocolate Factory , and became a big hit in the cinema
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory
The story dealt with one small boy 's search for the ultimate prize in fierce competition with other , highly unpleasant children , many of whom come to sticky ends as a result of their greediness . It presented the central theme in Dahl 's fiction for young readers : virtue is rewarded vice is punished . In the end the fabulous chocolate factory is given to Charlie , the kind , impoverished boy (Dowling ,C , 1983
In this story , Dahl made use of what makes it appealing to children which are chocolates ! We know that children love chocolates , and with the story he made it more fascinating and appealing to young children by incorporating a vivid imagination which is the chocolate factory . Here the author presented what the children would have wished and wanted to experience , which is a chocolate factory . Aside from the setting and plot which are attractive to young audience , the author wanted to point out the importance of moral values , where good children are being rewarded while the bad ones are punished
He wanted to point out that good children are obedient and polite whereas bad children are the opposite . The way his parents brought him up and his environment would influence a child 's ' behavior . However , bad children must be changed through whatever means are needed Even the necessary means take the form of wild and sometimes violent punishments A moral necessary within this story is that punishments are needed in to create good out of bad . But the author would like to convey in his story , that the proper punishment is the only thing that can change a bad child into a good one
Dahl regularly utilizes strange language and ideas . Some of these absurd ideas in his story are hair-growing candy for children , square candies that look 'round , and edible pillows . However his use of absurdities entertains young readers and pushes their intellectual capacities
Matilda
Matilda is an exceptionally bright young girl with an insatiable appetite for books and reading . Her parents , Mr . and Mrs . Wormwood think she 's just a nuisance . Matilda thinks , rightly , that all they are interested in is watching TV and making money by cheating people . She decides to punish them . She soon discovers that she has supernatural powers...

Write a thesis on a selected theoretical problem related to the English language teaching in Maldives.
Study on the Influence of the Mother Tongue on Students ' Pronunciation Expression and Understanding conducted in Aminiya school , Male
Abstract
In the thesis the problem of language interference is investigated . More specifically , the thesis observes how the mother tongue (Dhivehi affects students ' English pronunciation , expression and understanding . A learner 's English becomes foreign not because of all the mistakes made by the learner , but because of those particular ones , which are made under the influence of the learner 's mother tongue . Even in the case when a learner breaks the rules

and does not follow all the models prescribed by the Standard English dictionaries , the English language produced will not be considered foreign . But the thing , which makes one 's English obviously French or Maldivian English , is the pronunciation , or the way one expresses his /her thoughts and ideas , or the understanding affected by his /her mother tongue , or the mistakes made on the basis of untrue similarities with the mother tongue of the person . A number of particular mistakes of Maldivian English have been found out and recommendations are given how to prevent them in pronunciation , expression and understanding . The study uses test and observation to elicit the data and the comparison of two phonologic systems is used in data interpretation . The results show that Maldivian students experience the following difficulties caused by the influence of their mother tongue : phonetic errors (43 ,6 ) in pronunciation understanding of English idioms (49 ,6 , wrong positioning of adverbs and particles (54 ) in expression